William Jefferson Clinton essays

William Jefferson Clinton essays Bill Clinton was born on August 19, 1946 in a town called Hope, with the birth name William Jefferson Blythe. His birth father died in a car accident just three months before his birth. When he was born his mother sent him to live with his grandparents, due to the fact that because of the current economy she couldn't possibly support a child by herself. He lived with his grandparents for two years while his mother was away at nursing school in New Orleans trying to advance her career. His grandparents tried to instill in him strong southern Baptist principles and a desire to get a good education. When Bill was four his mother returned to Hope where she met and married Roger Clinton Sr.. A few years later Bill and his family moved to Hot Springs, where despite his Baptist upbringing Bill attended a catholic school. When he was nine years old he changed schools and went to Ramble Elementary. When Bill was ten Roger Clinton Jr. was born, and at age fifteen Bill took his step fat hers last name in hopes of helping his mothers troubled relationship. While Bill was growing up in Hot Springs, the town was plagued by illegal gambling, but Bill had little contact with this part of society despite his parents frequent participation in these illegal practices. As time went by his mothers relationship became more and more unstable with the alcoholic Roger Clinton Sr.. The relationship turned abusive and his parents often separated. In high school Bill was a member of the band, student government, honor society and numerous other organizations. One summer at a political summer camp called Boys State, Bill ran for delegate to Boys Nation. He won this election and was on his way to Washington to meet John F. Kennedy and Senator William Fulbright. Bill said of his victory as delegate to Boys Nation, "I didn't know if I could win a race like that, because when I was a student politician, I was about as controversial as I have been in m...

What Is the PreACT

What Is the PreACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Finally, a practice test from the ACT with a name that doesn't include a corny inspirational verb! That's right - the ACT is rolling out a new test called the PreACT this upcoming school year. It's similar to its SAT counterpart, the PSAT, although not exactly the same. In this article, I'll tell you what's on the PreACT, how its different from the PSAT, and what it means for you as a student. What Is the PreACT? The ACT recently announced that it will be adding a new test to its repertoire: the PreACT. It's a multiple-choice test aimed at preparing 10th grade students for the ACT. This new test seems poised to emerge as a competitor for the PSAT, although the ACT claims this was not the intention behind its creation. The ACT retired the ACT Explore (for 8th and 9th graders) and ACT Plan (for 10th graders) tests in 2014 to make way for the new ACT Aspire program (which is a set of standardized tests spanning grades 3-10).The PreACT is different from ACT Aspire tests because it serves as a way for students to see direct score predictionsbased on the same scale and content as the regular ACT. The PreACT has the same four multiple-choice sections as the regular ACT: English, Math, Reading, and Science. There is no Writing section. The test is also scored the same way as the regular ACT, on a scale from 1-36. The main difference is that it's considerably shorter. While the regular ACT is 2 hours and 55 minutes long (3 hours 35 minutes if you add the Writing section), the PreACT is only 1 hour and 55 minutes long. The questions on the exam will be questions from past ACTs that have been reformulated, so the difficulty level of the test is on par with the regular ACT. The point of the test is to help students get a better sense of where they would score on the real ACT and how much more they need to prepare before taking it. The PreACT will debut in the 2016-2017 school year. Schools and districts can choose to administer the test anytime between September 1st and June 1st. The changing of the seasons has no bearing on the PreACT. It is timeless. It is all around us. How Is the PreACT Different from the PSAT? The PreACT is different from the PSAT in a couple of significant ways. First of all, there's no scholarship competition associated with the PreACT. Its sole purpose is to prepare students for the ACT; scores will not have any direct effects on the college admissions process. It's genuinely just a practice tool. Another difference is that the test wil cost slightly less than the PSAT - it's $12 per student rather than $15. The SAT and the ACT are currently in a contentious battle for a greater share of the standardized testing market, so this move appears to be an attempt to further undercut the dominance of the PSAT. Schools can also administer the PreACT whenever they want during the year, whereas the PSAT has a specific October testing date with only one alternate date available. Offering greater flexibility is most likely another appeal to students and school districts who might be frustrated with the rigidity of the PSAT testing schedule. Students will be able to see the original PreACT questions and their answers within two weeks of taking the test. This is a much faster turnaround than the PSAT, which typically doesn't release scores until six weeks after the test. Your results will be piping hot when they're delivered. Don't burn your tongue. Remember, eating the score report is the only way to truly eliminate your mistakes. What Does This Mean for You? Ok, there's a new official practice test for the ACT. So what? Well, if you plan on taking the ACT as a junior, you might consider taking the PreACT in 10th grade to augment your prep efforts. Since it's made up of actual ACT questions, it will give you an accurate estimate of your score level and help diagnose your weaknesses so you can study strategically. Based on what we know about the PreACT so far, however, you should view it as an option rather than a necessity. If you're a motivated studier, you can take timed ACT practice tests, assess your mistakes, and get the same information about your strengths and weaknesses without handing over the cash equivalent of two Chipotle burritos. If you're more of a procrastinator, it might be a good idea to sign up for the PreACT. It will help you get familiar with the format of the ACT earlier than you would otherwise, and it does the grunt work of assessing your areas of weakness so you can start fixing them. Dust off that tool kit sitting in the back of your brain, and create a DIY masterpiece. What's Next? Do you really have to start preparing for standardized tests this early?Find out whether you should start studying for the ACT in 10th grade or hold off until a bit later. If you plan on taking the SAT instead of the ACT, you actually have two practice test options in 10th grade. Learn more about the difference between the PSAT 10 and the PSAT/NMSQT. When should you take the ACT for the first time? This article will give you the tools to decide on the best test date for your ACT debut. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Gender equity in science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender equity in science - Essay Example The exact ratio is 10:24 favoring boys. II. Discussion From the data there seems not much difference in treatment between the boys and the girls in terms of interactions with the teacher. The slight variation in the ratio of interactions to the number of students by gender does not seem to be that significant, given the small sample of tallies made, and the small class size. The tallies ratio by gender roughly corresponds to the student ratio by gender. Taking a step back we look at the literature to inform us about the nature of gender equity in science in general, and in particular, science education and the science classroom. There seems to be much focus on this subject in the literature, with some studies, for instance, finding out that gender equity in science and in the classroom in general is something that requires concrete interventions to achieve. The implication is that without intervening the natural state o affairs is that of the lack of equity along gender lines, with t he status quo tilting towards a more favorable view of males, and a less than equal treatment of the females. The foundation of the inequity is said to rest in some geographies, as cited here, on some deeply-rooted stereotypes about the superiority of boys in terms of intellectual abilities (Esiobu, 2011, pp. 244-257). The same bias and stereotypes are noted in other studies, pointing to the need for interventions such as educating teachers and students about the presence of such stereotypes and about actively going against those stereotypes in order to achieve gender equity in science education, as well as technology education. Science is to be a venue for both boys and girls in an environment where there is an active role on the part of the system to counter the stereotypes and the weight of tradition regarding the inferior treatment of females (Wokocha, 2009, pp. 51-54). The inequity meanwhile is accepted in the literature as a long-standing problem, and something that has been w restled with and minutely studied by way of finding solutions and interventions to narrow down the inequity and level out the playing field between genders in the classroom as well as in the laboratory. By laboratory here is meant life after the classroom, and in the professional science arenas where, as a rule, boys outnumber girls as well. The problem is said to be rooted in inequities to be found at every step of the process that advances students from the classroom all the way to the professional stages of the science career. Interventions at every step of the process have been crafted and tried, and documented in the literature, with heavy emphasis on inequities in the classroom. This thorough look at the inequities and the proliferation of the literature on teaching interventions point to the gravity and to the importance of the issue for the general science and education communities (Brunner, 1998, p. 120; Gerhard, 1995, p. 53). In particular, one piece of literature collates at least 192 different methods and interventions to foster classroom equity in science education along gender lines, with emphasis on many different aspects of inequity, and many different areas of the learning process where the inequity exists. These interventions are baked into the curricula for science education along different levels, and are woven into different classroom and learning activities, such as reading, research, the conduct of surveys, and other classroom-related activities. These intervent

The pros and cons of direct marketing and legal issues that accompany Essay

The pros and cons of direct marketing and legal issues that accompany this field - Essay Example The significance of direct marketing is beyond just selling a product because it is used by companies to enhance relationship marketing that is forming and maintaining long term relationships with customers through effective public relations activities and direct marketing assists these activities. Companies send cards and cakes on special occasions to their customers through direct mail and this incurs a positive rapport with the customers. Direct marketing not only serves the basic purpose of a company to inform the customer but also to generate positive feelings with the customers for the company (Kotler & Keller; 2002). Direct marketing roots from Europe during the middle ages or most popularly known as feudalism period and then it began to enter its golden age during the renaissance. This was the 15th century and direct marketing became a regular practice in Europe only after the invention of moveable type by Guttenberg. The first catalog in Europe was then printed in 1450. The concept of direct marketing was originated by Lester Wunderman. Lester implemented these innovative techniques over two famous brands namely; American Express and Colombia Records. The concept was originated by this man during 1961 in America but direct marketing became a regular practice only after the typewriter was invented in 1867. The credit for the first catalog through mails goes to Aaron Montgomery Ward in 1872. Since the concept was gaining popularity amongst the businesses in America so the Direct Mail Advertising Association was established in 1928 which now is known as Direct Marketing Association. With direct m arketing in full speed the most popular terms of today started to emerge and took permanent shape. Junk mail was a term used by people since 1954 and the term spam took birth in 1993 so it's still young. Since the customers became more and more aware and educated the companies had to work even harder to convince them to buy their products. The market was no longer nave and direct marketing played an essential role to maintain goodwill amongst the customers in order practice effective public relations activities and retain customers. Thus, by the 18th century direct marketing was rocketing towards the sky and it was the most popular means of advertisement and maintaining public relations. Benjamin Franklin was the first printer to stand out of the rest of the printers in Colonial America and he came up with the most famous catalog in 1974 that was close to the present day catalogs that contain information and attractive punch lines that are all intended towards customer satisfaction. Companies then began to receive orders and send products through mail. It was during the 1830's that various companies mailed the products to their customers in New England. The general feeling of disdain and detest against the middlemen started in the post civil-war period in Midwest Europe with the farmers who decided to eliminate middlemen since the farmers were buying at a higher price and then selling

Toyota marketing Essay Example for Free

Toyota marketing Essay 3. TOYOTA HAS BUILT HUGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY THAT CAN PRODUCE MILLIONS OF CARS EACH YEAR FOR A WIDE VIRIETY OF CONSUMERS. WHY WAS IT ABLE TO GROW SO MUCH BIGGER THAN OTHER AUTO MANUFACTURERS? SUBSTANTIATE YOUR ANSWER BY PROVIDING CONCRETE MEASURES OR INTERVENTIONS THAT TOYOTA HAS DONE OR HAS BEEN DOING. Toyota was the first company to introduce lean manufacturing and total quality management practices in production of cars. For some time, the company was the only practitioner of these practices and had the lowest manufacturing and production costs worldwide. Toyota currently sells about 70 different models of cars under its namesake brand. Because they are the market car leader, they are in need to produce large number of cars that will be sold worldwide. The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota that comprises its management philosophy and practices. The TPS organizes manufacturing and logistics for the automobile manufacturer, including interaction with suppliers and customers. The system is a major precursor of the more generic lean manufacturing. Taiichi Ohno, Shigeo Shingo and Eiji Toyoda developed the system between 1948 and 1975. Originally called just-in-time production, it builds on the approach created by the founder of Toyota, Sakichi Toyoda, his son Kiichiro Toyoda, and the engineer Taiichi Ohno. This system, more than any other aspect of the company, is responsible for having made Toyota the company it is today. Toyota has long been recognized as a leader in the automotive manufacturing, and production industry. The principles underlying the TPS are embodied in The Toyota Way. According to external observers, the Toyota Way has four components: 1. Long-term thinking as a basis for management decisions 2. A process for problem-solving 3. Adding value to the organization by developing its people 4. Recognizing that continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning The underlying principles, called the Toyota Way, it have been outlined by Toyota as follows: 1. Continuous Improvement a) Challenge (We form a long-term vision, meeting challenges with courage and  creativity to realize our dreams.) b) Kaizen (We improve our business operations continuously, always driving for innovation and evolution.) c) Genchi Genbutsu (Go to the source to find the facts to make correct decisions.) d) 2. Respect for People a) Respect (We respect others, make every effort to understand each other, take responsibility and do our best to build mutual trust.) b) Teamwork (We stimulate personal and professional growth, share the opportunities of development and maximize individual and team performance.) 3. Long-term philosophy a) Base your management decisions on a long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term financial goals. 4. The right process will produce the right results a) Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface. b) Use the pull system to avoid overproduction. c) Level out the workload (heijunka). (Work like the tortoise, not the hare.) d) Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right from the first. e) Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and employee empowerment. f) Use visual control so no problems are hidden. g) Use only reliable, thoroughly tested technology that serves your people and processes. 5. Add value to the organization by developing your people and partners 1. Grow leaders who thoroughly understand the work, live the philosophy, and teach it to others. 2. Develop exceptional people and teams who follow your companys philosophy. 3. Respect your extended network of partners and suppliers by challenging them and helping them improve. 6. Continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning a) Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation (Genchi Genbutsu) b) Make decisions slowly by consensus, thoroughly considering all options (Nemawashi); implement decisions rapidly; c) Become a learning organization through relentless reflection (Hansei)

war on drugs Essays -- essays research papers

The war on drugs is not a war that can be fought on the beaches of Normandy or in the jungles of Vietnam. It is a war fought in the backyards of all Americans, every day. This is a war that cannot be won with the aid of nuclear weapons or the help of any other forms of artillery. The number of casualties, however, will be determined by whether or not the legalization of drugs occurs. Many will suffer the same outcome as a soldier killed in battle if drugs become legal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If marijuana and other drugs are legalized, obtaining drugs will be easier for people of all ages. With the increased use of drugs, there are bound to be more traffic accidents resulting from those who are under the influence of drugs. Also, if more people are lawfully able to use drugs, more people will buy them and the prices of them will go down making them much easier to buy. Drugs will be everywhere, even in the hands of America’s youth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many drugs, even ones that are legal, cause health problems if they are used too often. Cigarettes and other tobacco products contain nicotine, an addictive substance that can cause illnesses such as lung cancer and other cancers to users. The legalization of narcotics that cause illnesses will mean that people who use the drugs are in danger of becoming sick and dying at an earlier age. If the narcotics fall into the hands of younger children, they will be at risk as well. Because their bodies are still developing, the narcotics will have a more devastating effect on them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The government spends a great amount of money on centers for the rehabilitation of those who are addicted to different types of drugs. If drugs are legalized, more and more people will become addicted and more rehabilitation centers will be needed for them. The more rehabilitation centers that are built, the more money our government spends which is less money that can be spent on more important things.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Certain drugs are illegal for a reason. They damage the physical and psychological state of the user. If the legalization of drugs occurs, the American public may assume that the government condones the use of drugs. Those who once were addicts and those who may be curious about the drug will be able to buy them. The number of users will increase and so will the numb... ... released, causing recidivism rates to increase as well. The only way to make sure that drug use in the neighborhoods of America does not get out of hand is for the communities to work together to do their best to prevent it. The schools and the parents should work together to teach children what is acceptable in their community and enforce the rules that are made to prohibit drug use (Glassner 223-226). Schools should also supply students with after school activities to keep them from boredom and promote a drug free life. Groups such as SADD (Students Against Destructive Decisions) should be offered and support groups for all students should also be provided in order to discourage drug use among teens. The legalization of drugs is an ever present threat to Americans of all ages. Legalization will cause more traffic accidents, increased drug use among teens as well as adults, and most importantly increased crime and death rates. Every American could be at risk of becoming a victim of a crime, a traffic accident, or problems resulting from a friend or family member that uses drugs. The legalization of drugs is a foe that must be fought with all the strength that Americans possess.

Kiwi Mart Case Study Essay

Answer 1. Strategic sourcing is the major tools and technology in supply chain management and it delivers cost reductions and other offers and advantages. It will make strategic sourcing different from a traditional sourcing. This sounds the most strategic supplier relationship that is based on cost and there is an ability to create new business with technological advances. In the past, the organization was usually focused on tactical functions such as processing of purchase orders, checking the status of delivery and this might contribute to corporate responsibility. Various important approaches like engineering driven approaches and selection of supplier processes lead to the number of suppliers at premium prices. It reduces cost of sourcing, helps in achieving low cost. Plexet has a reliable and valued suppliers and Plexet used to maintain long term supplier relationship, especially with large retail chain known as Kiwi Mart. The purchasing of Kiwi Mart acquired more than 4000 container cases at the discount rate of 4 percent from Plexet. It has decided to benefit with the discounted price rates and selling of high quantity containers. With the selling of 400 container cases at the wholesale price rate, the deal gets negotiated within 3 months. This has helped Kiwi Mart to resolve the challenges such as inventory challenges and other issues with Auckland Kiwi Mart. Just after the negotiation, the head of the Kiwi Mart purchase department had been contacted by Chinex and they offered more than 7 percent discount on more than 5000 container cases of different products such as good seal products. The deal was too strong and good with different orders. The purchasing manager was not aware of the situation and it had a complete line of sizes and quantities with respect to every product. Thus, it has been decided to help and resolve the adjustment of the product line. The purchasing department of Kiwi Mart focu sed on addressing several issues such as potential inventory crisis and it is securing the amount of supply with the recent acquisition of cheaper products. Strategic sourcing is the first thing that is combined with the strategic supplier management and there is the effective day to day purchasing with the outcomes of supply chain management. The organization is able to create and develop new advantages with better and effective roles as well as relationship. It chooses the innovation and leads to the marketplace with strategic efforts on sourcing. This way, the purchase department of Kiwi Mart will be able to develop  strong goals and objectives with respect to communication and suppliers would be able to promote interaction with high opportunities and well defined communication to complete the things in a right manner. This way, they can build strong competitive advantage and opportunity to reduce challenges and complexities and to standardize the possible supply chain strategies. Therefore the purchasing department will be able to reduce the cost to more efficient and effective process and it will be able to deliver better process. Answer 2. There should have successful partnership with long term commitment and it encourages in investing improvements in supply chain to mutual advantages. Thus, it will build and improve long term commitment with the form of collaborative framework partnership with the involvement of business to business relationship and it will meet the expectations in terms of goals and objectives. Answer 3. Plexet will adopt the just in time approach to production to improve the business with reduction on in-process inventory and carrying cost. It will focus on continuous improvement and it will help to achieve employee involvement and high quality. Answer 4. The implementation of inventory system in Kiwi Mart and Plexet will help to organize the distribution software and it will create a cohesive inventory for organization system. It will maintain the balance and inventory with the track of sales of the product and inventory.

Social Networking Websites Usage Towards Academic Performance Education Essay

This chapter covers about the literature reappraisal on the Social Networking Sites ( SNS ) use towards academic public presentation. The resources used in this chapter such as books and articles are from e-book available in the Internet and Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak ( PTAR ) aggregations. The aggregations used are primary and secondary beginnings which were obtained from the interviews, printed and on-line version of books and articles. The articles used are available in PTAR library databases such as Science Direct, Emerald Management Extra, H.W. Wilson, ProQuest and others. The diary rubrics that were referred to are Computers in Human Behavior, Computers & A ; Education, Computers and Composition and many more. The keywords used during the seeking procedure such as Social Networking Sites ( SNS ) , Facebook, Computer and Internet usage, SNS and pupil public presentation. This chapter will cover five subdivisions which are computing machine and Internet usage, societal networki ng usage, SNS and academic public presentation, factors of utilizing SNS and besides utility of SNS towards pupil public presentation.2.1 Academic public presentationIn educational establishments, pupils normally being analyses and measure based on their public presentation in their academic. It refers to how pupils deal with their surveies and how they cope with or carry through different undertakings given to them by their instructors. Besides that, academic public presentation besides can be analysed in term of the ability of the pupils to analyze and retrieve facts and the ability to pass on their cognition verbally or in written signifier. Azizi Hj. Yahaya ( 2004 ) stated that there are four factors that influence pupils ‘ academic public presentation which are functions of instructors or schools, equals, parents and the pupils themselves. He stated that the functions of pupils covered the facets of the nature of the acquisition procedure, the ends of the acquisition procedure, building of cognition, strategic thought and eventually on believing about thought. He so explained that the successful pupil should be an active, purposive, self-acting, and presume personal duty for lending to their ain acquisition. It can be concluded that the academic public presentation was reflects by the factors that influence the results of successful pupils during their learning procedure. However, the pupils themselves should find their ends and take their egos so that they can accomplish successful consequences in their academic public presentation. Kirschner and Karpinski ( 2010 ) revealed that it is hard to mensurate the academic public presentation particularly in term of specifying the academic public presentation itself. There are many ways to mensurate the academic public presentation either utilizing the GPA or the class such as A, B, C, D, and F ) . Other than that, the research worker should associate the academic public presentation with the sum of clip spent analyzing such as day-to-day, hebdomadal or monthly. Based on Karpinski ( 2009 ) , academic public presentation is conceptualized otherwise between schools, provinces and states. Therefore, he stated that there is no accurate definition on the manner to mensurate academic public presentation.2.2 Computer and Internet usageIn the Information Age, Information Technology ( IT ) and Internet accomplishments are going progressively of import, and those without these accomplishments are at a disadvantage economically and educationally. Schumacher and Morahan-Martin ( 20 01 ) in their research found that the pupils had more exposure to computing machines than to the Internet. The survey found that males were more experient and reported higher accomplishment degrees with the Internet than females, with the exclusion of electronic mail. The pupils used electronic mail in order to hold expeditiously exchange digital information with schoolmates. Almost one tierce of the first-grade pupils do non hold their ain e-mail reference at place yet. The research besides identified that more than half of the first-grade pupils report that they use their computing machines at least one time a hebdomad to look for information on the Internet while one tierce of them used electronic mail or confab from place about every twenty-four hours. The findings besides shows that a one-fourth of the pupils used the computing machine for this intent every hebdomad and more than half use the computing machine every twenty-four hours for games or music. A research done by Tsai and Tsai ( 2010 ) found that there is no important gender difference in pupils ‘ entire Internet Self-Efficacy Scale ( ISES ) scores. However, a important difference was found in the communicative Internet Self-Efficacy ( ISE ) scores between genders while farther subscale. The female pupils had significantly higher tonss than did the male pupils in the communicating subscale. It can be concluded that the misss held significantly more assurance than the male childs sing Internet communicating. The survey besides shows that Internet usage experience both genders had a average degree of Internet utilizing experience in norm. Therefore, there is no important gender difference found in pupils ‘ Internet utilizing experience. However, a important gender difference was found in pupils ‘ hebdomadal clip spent where it identified that boys exhausted important more clip on utilizing the Internet than did the misss every hebdomad. The survey besides found that there was a different intent of utilizing Internet among the genders where most of the misss used the Internet for seeking, mailing, music hearing, prep and speaking while the male childs largely accessed the Internet for game playing, seeking and music hearing. This consequence suggested that male childs and misss might hold different involvements or motives in using the Internet. McCarthy ( 2000 ) stated in his article that in the early 2000s, schools at all degrees in many states began to fix all pupils ‘ for Internet literacy and to advance Internet-based acquisition for life-long acquisition. The consequence from Tsai and Lin ‘s ( 2004 ) research done in Taiwan showed that the misss had significantly higher Internet self-efficacy than the male childs while high school male pupils still had better Internet attitudes in some facets. Harmonizing to Hille ( 2009 ) , the article mentioned that adolescent pupils may immersed in online gambling, chew the fating or other on-line amusement, and even go addicted if there is no effectual direction and supervising from their parents and instructors. The pupils may besides expose to pornographic and violent contents deluging the Internet. Wainer et Al. ( 2008 ) found that from seven societal economic categories, it shows that there is a lessening in test public presentation among the younger and the poorer pupils and their computing machine usage is higher than other. Other than that, it besides identified that there is a important lessening in the classs of those who use computing machines more often when compared with those who ne'er use computing machines for assignments. While the poorest socioeconomic category shows that there is a 15 % decrease in trial tonss. The research done by Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) showed that 236 topics from a sum of 1708 were identified as nuts utilizing the eight-item Internet dependence utilizing Internet dependence Diagnostic Questionnaire ( DQ ) developed by Young ( 1996b ) to separate nuts from non-addicts. The findings showed that there are important different degrees of influence of the Internet between the Internet nuts and non-addicts in five facets of life other than peer dealingss. The Internet nuts believed that the Internet negatively influenced their school acquisition, day-to-day modus operandis, wellness, and parental dealingss every bit good as instructor dealingss while the Internet positively influenced all six facets of the lives of non-addicts. In old surveies, high school pupils displayed debatable effects of Internet dependance, for case, jumping repasts, losing slumber and survey clip, increasing fiscal costs for online activity, and rearranging day-to-day modus operandis or even neglecting s urveies to pass more clip online ( Brenner, 1996 ; Egger & A ; Rauterberg, 1996 ; Young, 1996b ) as cited in Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) . Based on Young ‘s survey ( 1998 ) cited in Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) , it was found that Internet dependants bit by bit reduced the clip spent with household and friends while increasing clip in forepart of their computing machines. This phenomenon may use for some Chinese Internet users, but the information in this survey demonstrated a negative influence on parents but no break of equal relationships for either nuts or non-addict. The findings of this survey confirmed those of Kandell ( 1998 ) , Lin and Tsai ( 2002 ) and Chou and Hsiao ( 2000 ) as quoted in Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) , that both the nut and non-addict groups saw the Internet as positively act uponing their relationships with friends and classmates. Statistical consequences pointed that Internet addicts spent about 21.2 hours per hebdomad on the Internet, while non-addicts spent around 12.1 hours per hebdomad. This survey assumes that most college pupils, populating off from parental monitoring and with fewer categories than high school pupils, have extended freedom to research hazardous activities that might take to Internet dependence. This survey finds a degree of reported Internet use among high school Internet nuts that is comparable to that for addicted college pupils. Ucak ‘s ( 2007 ) survey revealed that most of the pupils of the Department of Information Management in Hacettepe University, Ankara uses the Internet every twenty-four hours. Based on the consequences, the bulk entree the Internet from their section ‘s computing machines followed by accessing from their place. However, the rate of entree from Internet coffeehouse and the library is low. The consequences show that a huge intents of utilizing the Internet such as for their classs, prep assignments followed by utilizing the Internet for personal involvement and for electronic mails. Some of them used the Internet to listen for music, games, and amusement option while chat comes in the last topographic point.TinThe experiences and sentiments of the societal web influence preventive determinations in this population of immature, minority adult females. The societal web, including friends, household members, and media beginnings, is a cardinal beginning of prophylactic information for many adult females. Comprehensive contraceptive method guidance should research the experiences and sentiments of the patient ‘s societal web to the extent possible. Lynn Yee, M.D. , M.P.H.a, and Melissa Simon, M.D. , M.P.H ( 2009 ) Consequences indicated that pupils use Facebook about 30 min throughout the twenty-four hours as portion of their day-to-day modus operandi. Students communicated on Facebook utilizing a one-to-many manner, in which they were the Godheads circulating content to their friends. Even so, they spent more clip detecting content on Facebook than really posting content. Facebook was used most frequently for societal interaction, chiefly with friends with whom the pupils had a pre-established relationship offline. In add-on to authoritative individuality markers of emerging maturity, such as faith, political political orientation, and work, immature grownups besides used media penchants to show their individuality. Deductions of societal networking site usage for the development of individuality and peer relationships are discussed.Tiffany A. Pempek, Yevdokiya A. Yermolayeva, Sandra L. Calvert ( 2008 ) An person ‘s success in society depends on the form and size of his/her societal web and ability to web and signifier connexions with other societal groups. Administrations which can harness this unconditioned human ability to pull off cognition will be able to take down minutess costs and go more profitable. Anria Sophia new wave Zyl ( 2008 ) Arrested development analyses conducted on consequences from a study of undergraduate pupils ( N = 286 ) suggest a strong association between usage of Facebook and the three types of societal capital, with the strongest relationship being to bridging societal capital. In add-on, Facebook use was found to interact with steps of psychological wellbeing, proposing that it might supply greater benefits for users sing low self-esteem and low life satisfaction. Nicole B. Ellison Charles Steinfield Cliff Lampe ( 2007 )2.3 SNS usage and academic public presentationHarmonizing to Boyd & A ; Ellison ( 2008 ) , Social-networking sites ( afterlife SNS ) are the latest on-line communicating tool that allows users to make a public or private profile to interact with people in their webs. They so defined SNS as web-based services that allow persons to build a public or semi-public profile within a delimited system, joint a list of other users with whom they portion a connexion and position and track their list of connexions and those made by others within the system There are few surveies that had been done in findings the important of SNS with academic public presentation. Kirschner and Karpinski ( 2010 ) had conducted a research on the Facebook ( FB ) and academic public presentation. FB is a portion of the illustrations of SNS that was late being used by many people including the pupils. Barratt, Hendrickson, Stephens and Torres ( 2005 ) stated that the increased of FB ‘s popularity has raises inquiries about its impact on college pupil life. The FB was foremost introduced by Mark Zuckerberg in 2005 to assist residential college and university pupils identify pupils in other abode halls. The use of FB than has been expanded to persons outside the college and university system. It has been identified that the use of FB covers all group of age with largely the age between 25 to 34 year-olds ( Lipsman, 2007 ) . However, even though there was an addition growing in older age groups, FB remains chiefly a college- age and emerging grownup phe nomenon. From the statistics collected by the FB administrative that showed in the web site, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.facebook.com/press/info.php? statistics, it recorded that there are 500 million of active users registered and half of them log in any given twenty-four hours while 55 million updates post each twenty-four hours with more than 8 billion proceedingss spent on the website worldwide each. The statistic besides identified that more than 2.5 billion exposures uploaded each month, more than 14 million pictures uploaded each month, more than 30 billion pieces of content, for case web links, intelligence narratives, web log stations, notes, exposures shared each hebdomad, more than 3.5 million events created each month, and more than 45 million active user groups bing. It can be concluded that Facebook is a popular time-consuming activity that doubtless has some impact on college pupil life. Based on survey done by Espinosa, Laffey, Whittaker, and Sheng ( 2006 ) , they investigated the function of engineering in early childhood development utilizing informations from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. From the findings, it indicated that entree contributed to the larning potency of the pupils, but the research workers concerned that parents should promote the educational usage of engineering to better academic accomplishment. Apart from that, harmonizing to Lei and Zhao ( 2005 ) , it was explored that the particulars of entree, admiting that measure is non every bit of import as quality when it comes to engineering usage and pupil accomplishment. Specifically, when the quality of engineering usage is non closely monitored or ensured, computing machine usage may make more injury than good to student accomplishment in school. Hunley et Al. ( 2005 ) identified that there is no relationship found between clip spent on the computing machine at place and GPA in a sample of striplings. Technology was found to hold a positive impact on academic accomplishment, or engineering with educational value. However, Kubey, Lavin and Barrows ( 2001 ) , mentioned that other research workers have found that recreational Internet usage is strongly correlated with impaired academic public presentation. The consequences showed that about 10-15 % of survey participants reported experiencing non being in complete control of their Internet usage, and that it has hurt their school assignment. Furthermore, they besides identified that pupils who reported Internet caused school assignment jobs were found to hold spent five times more hours online than those who did non, and they were besides significantly more likely to describe that their Internet usage caused them to remain up tardily, acquire less slumber, and miss categories. The research workers conclude that it is non so much the Internet that causes these jobs as the new societal chances of the Internet. Students who reported academic jobs were more likely to utilize the Internet for real-time societal activities such as IM and confab suites which lead to them to kip tardily at dark. Karpinski and Duberstein ( 2009 ) on their exploratory study survey identified that there is a negative relationship between FB usage and academic accomplishment as measured by self-reported GPA and hours spent analyzing per hebdomad. Hargittai ( 2009 ) stated that there is no grounds found to turn out the relationship of Facebook use with low academic public presentation. Banquil et Al. ( 2009 ) in their research found that societal networking sites do non bespeak negative effects on a pupil ‘s public presentation in school.2.4 Factors of utilizing the societal networking sites among the pupilsYang and Tung ( 2008 ) stated the Internet nuts normally used the web sit es and SNS because of lower self-pride than non-addicts. They are more confident to pass on or socialise through the Internet instead than face to confront with people. Yap ( 2008 ) identified that, the chief factor of utilizing the SNS is because the users need non pay any fees due to the free rank. Furthermore, it is easy to utilize the SNS whereby the users merely need to subscribe up by make fulling the signifier and active the nexus sent via their electronic mail. The pupils and users besides can post advertizements at that place in order to other members of an event that they are hosting. It is besides an chance for them to do new friends, use them every twenty-four hours to chew the fat, play games and connect with friends, household and aliens.2.5 Utility of the societal networking sites towards pupil public presentationThe SNS map as a communicating tools utilizing the engineering connexion between people from different locations, for case the bing of Facebook is to assist residential college and university pupils identify pupils in other abode halls which besides function as an on-line directory that connects people through societal webs at colleges and universities before it is mostly used worldwide. Harmonizing to Pineda ( 2010 ) , the pupils and SNS users used it to maintain in touch by keeping a profile on these sites, their loved 1s, friends and distant relations which they do non hold to name the users every clip merely to remain in touch with one another. Besides that, the pupils can take advantage to post their sketch and certificates to the companies that advertise vacancy in the SNS. Dalsgaard ( n.d. ) discussed how the societal networking may be utilized within university instruction by pupils sharing information and resources that are originally developed for themselves but made available to others such as utilizing bookmarks, mentions, links, and notes. He stated that societal networking sites are non the new Learning Management Systems. He mentioned that the SNs can be used as a treatment forums and other tools for direct communicating and coaction focal point on direct sharing, societal networking can back up pupils ‘ indirect sharing of resources, ideas, thoughts, productions, Hagiographas, notes and others. It will supply the pupils with an increased consciousness and consciousness of the activities of other pupils. Brady, Holcomb and Smith ( 2010 ) identified that education-based SNSs can be used most efficaciously in distance instruction classs as a technological tool to better on-line communications among pupils in higher distance instruction classs. Harmonizing to Barab and Duffy ( 2000 ) and DeSchryver, Mishra, Koehler and Francis ( 2009 ) , they found that distance instruction classs are frequently more successful when they develop communities of pattern while Anderson ( 2005 ) subsequently added that it is besides encourage high degrees of on-line societal presence among pupils. Brady, Holcomb and Smith ( 2010 ) stated that since the SNS facilitate the sharing of information, the engineerings used in SNSs assistance treatment and make familiarity among on-line pupils, as they have their ability to link and construct community in a socially and educationally constructed web. Besides, the article besides stated that SNS created specifically for an educational audience provides a alone chance for pedagogues to ease a strong sense of community among pupils and promote personal interactions that can take to the creative activity of new cognition and corporate intelligence. Smith ( 2009 ) as cited in Brady, Holcomb and Smith ( 2010 ) stated that, class direction systems ( CMS ) such as Blackboard and Moodle, tend to be much focused and lack the personal touch and networking capacity that SNSs offer. For case, teachers utilizing CMS may make a inquiry in an on-line treatment board and each pupil posts a response. However, these pupil stations are truly non interactions at all, but simply inquiry and reply Sessionss. Using an Tin that is user centered compared to CMS, it has the possible to increase pupil battle. SNSs can actively promote on-line community edifice, widening larning beyond the boundaries of the schoolroom. Bai ( 2003 ) , indicated that societal presence leads to cut down feelings of solitariness and emotionlessness while at the same time encouraging pupil interaction and engagement in online classs.2.6 Conceptual ModelEase of usageStudent public presentation SNS use Utility Moderating Variable Dependent Variable Independent VariablesFigure 1: Conceptual ModelFigure 1 shows the relationship on the consequence of utilizing the societal networking sites ( SNS ) towards pupils ‘ public presentation. This conceptual model is developed by the research worker herself based on the literature reappraisal done and gathered from old surveies. The figure shows that there are two factors that lead to the use of the SNS which are the easiness of usage of the SNS itself and the usefulness the SNS bring to the SNS users. The first factor which is easiness of usage refers to several elements such as in them of the clip response of the SNS, the simple regulations and ordinance apply and may be because of the attractive and simple design of the SNS itself. While, the utility can be defined as the benefits or advantages the users obtain in utilizing the SNS. In this survey it focuses more in the utility of SNS in the pupils ‘ public presentation. Besides that, it shows the relationship between the use of the SNS with the pupils ‘ public presentation. The survey wants to place and find whether there is any important relationship on the use of the SNS in the pupils ‘ public presentation.2.7 DecisionThis literature reappraisal provides the brief thoughts and information sing the issues on whether there is any relationship between the uses of the SNS towards pupils ‘ public presentation. It provides findings done by the old research workers on the similar subject and all the supports has been included and further revision in this chapter 2. The following chapter will discourse on the methodological analysis that will be used in the survey. The elaborate information sing the methodological analysis will be farther discussed in the Chapter 3.

Legal Drinking Age essays

Legal Drinking Age essays Motor vehicle crashes, alcoholic poisoning, violence, and addiction are just some of the ways children under age 21 are being devastated by the inappropriate and illegal use of alcohol. Alcohol is the number one drug of choice among the nations youth and it can have serious, often lifelong, consequences for them, their families and their communities (Alcoholism). Underage alcohol use is a significant threat to the health and safety of our children, noted Steven A. Shroeder, M.D., President and CEO of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The extent of alcohol consumption by children ages 9 to 15 is startling, and preventing it must become a national priority. Consider these facts: - 3 million children ages 14 through 17 are regular drinkers who already have a confirmed alcoholic problem. - 24 percent of eighth graders say they have used alcohol in the last 30 days. - More than 100,000 12-13 year-olds binge drink every month - Ninth graders who drink are almost twice as likely to attempt suicide as those who dont. - 40 percent of children who begin drinking before the age of 15 will become alcoholics at some point in their lives. (Alcoholism) Alcohol consumption is one of the leading causes of death and injury among teenagers (Alcoholism). If you can join the Army and get killed fighting for your country, you should be able to drink, said Tim Maloney, who was a junior at Grandview High School when he participated in the survey. Yet nearly anyone who has studied the effects of alcohol on teen-agers will disagree with Maloney (Bradley). Researchers have determined that alcohol kills a large number of persons between the ages of 18 and 21 (Bradley). And liquor packs a more powerful punch for teen-agers, even 20-years-olds, because they still are developing physically, emotionally, and socially (Bradley). The maturing process can last until age 24 (Alcoholism). Frequent drinking can stunt ...

The Biggest Mistake Youll Ever Make as a Childrens Author

The Biggest Mistake Youll Ever Make as a Childrens Author Every so often, a friend will hand me a childrens book manuscript and ask if I would review it and offer an honest opinion. Im always delighted to do so, but, over the years, Ive discovered that almost every one of those potential book projects suffers from a critical and quite frequent mistake. When I ask them about it, they will often hang their head and sheepishly admit that, yes, they are guilty of breaking this rule: If you are going to be a successful childrens author, you MUST read childrens books on a regular basis! Interestingly, many novice writers think that just because theyve raised some children or read a book to their grandchildren, they are ready to write their own childrens book. Unfortunately, that alone does not adequately prepare one for writing juvenile literature. Prospective authors need to soak themselves in the culture of childrens literature, regularly! They need to know the language, the themes, the concepts, the tenor, and the presentation of childrens literature. And, the ONLY way to do that is to read childrens books on a regular basisevery dayevery weekevery month. If you are not reading childrens books, then you are putting yourself at a severe disadvantage in the marketplace. The books you read as a child are not the same books kids read today. Todays books have a certain flavor, spark, and presentation. You need to experience that unique culture if you are to write equally compelling and engaging books. Reading current childrens literature on a regular basis has enormous benefits for you as a beginning childrens author. Â  Here are a few: 1) Introduces you to a wide range of authorial styles. If you want to get a sense of what good writing is all about, you need to sample many different kinds of writing the good, the bad (and the ugly). In so doing, you are getting a full picture of what writers can do (or, what they are unable to do) in terms of characters, conflicts, and settings. 2) Shows you language patterns that resonate with readers. When you read the stories and books of other authors, you can get a sense of the language appropriate for different age groups. Youll also immerse yourself in the semantics and syntax of different genres. 3) Gives you the opportunity to compare good stories with bad stories. To know good books you need to experience bad ones. The bad books give you a frame of reference necessary to your compositional efforts. That diversity is essential to your writing success. 4) Allows you to see how different authors handle similar themes. If you want to write childrens books you have to read childrens books! One without the other is like vacationing in Maui without going to the beach. Its only half-done! Read, and keep reading, lots of childrens books. and you will notice a decided improvement in your own ability to craft stories for a new generation of readers.

Rational Analysis of Oral Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rational Analysis of Oral Communication - Essay Example Unlike oral interaction which requires immediate processing of information to turn them into comprehensible messages, writing can evaluate and process information in a longer period of time (Rosenberg, 1987, p. 125). Thus, the impenetrability of orality to certain language processes can be processed by writing. Scholars Marlene Scardamalia and Carl Bereiter also supported the existence of Goody-Havelock-McLuhan-Ong theory. They demonstrated that knowledge can more easily be transformed in writing composition than in oral communication, thus giving way for man’s cultivation of knowledge. Scardamalia and Bereiter constructed a knowledge-telling model in writing. The first element is the mental representation of assignment followed by several knowledge-telling processes towards perfection of the composition. These include locating topic and genre identifiers, constructing memory clues, retrieving content from memory and run tests of appropriateness. (Rosenberg, 1987, p. 144). Such processes are rarely executed in oral communication because of immediacy orality requires. Therefore, writing as the driving force of man’s civilization is beyond doubt, considering its several knowledge-cultivating processes.